When it comes to sexually transmitted diseases, sharing is definitely not caring. STDs affect approximately 1 in 5 Americans, with nearly half of new cases being diagnosed in patients ages 15 to 24. Chlamydia, gonorrhea, HIV, human papillomavirus and syphilis are just a few of the 30 different types of bacteria, viruses and parasites that can be spread during sexual intercourse. The only way to effectively mitigate the spread of these sexually transmitted infections is by getting tested by a licensed provider. Read on to find out more about STD testing so you can best protect yourself and those closest to you from infection.
Signs and symptoms of STDs
While many types of STDs are transmitted through sexual intercourse, diseases such as human papillomavirus and herpes can be spread through skin-on-skin sexual contact such as kissing. The cause of an STD varies by type, depending on if it is bacterial, viral or parasitic. Symptoms vary depending on the type of STD, but common warning signs include:
- Sores, blisters or warts on the genitals or around the mouth
- Itching or redness in the genital area
- Fever or abdominal pain
- Unusual discharge or odor from the penis or vagina
- Itching, bleeding or soreness in the anal region
It is common for patients with an STD to experience mild or no noticeable symptoms. That is why it’s essential to get tested for STDs, as proper diagnosis is the only way to know for sure that you are free of any STDs.
STD testing methods
Depending on the type of STD a patient is being screened for, various testing methods may be used. Often, a provider will conduct several tests to ensure the accuracy of the diagnosis. STD testing methods include:
- Physical/Pelvic exams: STDs such as genital warts or herpes can often be diagnosed through a comprehensive physical examination by a healthcare provider.
- Blood tests: This lab testing method can detect antigens or antibodies released by the immune system in response to certain types of STDs, such as syphilis, HIV and hepatitis.
- Tissue swab tests: Swabs of genital, anal or oral tissues can be utilized to screen for diseases such as chlamydia, gonorrhea and herpes.
- Urine tests: Urine samples can be an effective screening method for STDs such as chlamydia and gonorrhea.
STD testing is typically painless and, depending on the type of test, patients can receive lab results within a few hours or a few days.
Preventing STDs
There are several ways to avoid contracting an STD. It is strongly recommended to use a latex or polyurethane condom, dental dam or other barrier method when engaging in any form of sexual intercourse. Experts also encourage washing before and after sexual intercourse. Sharing towels or underclothing with a sexual partner is strongly discouraged, as this can increase the risk of STD transmission. Getting the human papillomavirus vaccine is also strongly recommended, as it has proven to be highly effective at preventing infections by the HPV virus.
By taking preventive measures and knowing your STD status, you can help safeguard your sexual health and the health of your partners. Visit one of Midwest Express Clinic's 40+ locations today for quick and discreet STD testing, available seven days a week year-round. To find urgent care near you, visit midwestexpressclinic.com/locations.
